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Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

ABSTRACT :




Field experiments were carried out during winter seasons of 2000/20001 and 2001/2002 at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Assiut on clay eyloamy soil to study the effect of irrigation levels and N fertilization rates on growth and yield as well as N uptake and water use efficiency of carrot. The results indicated that frequent irrigation with 100% replenishment of evaporation losses resulted in highest root yield, total dry matter, leaf area index, and N uptake. Water use efficiency recorded high value with 75% replenishment of evaporation losses. Also, the results showed that increasing nitrogen rate up to 120 kg N/fed significantly, increased the dry matter, root yields, water use efficiency and N uptake in all tested treatments. Apparently nitrogen recovery percent increased with evaporation replenishment up to 100% level and with increasing rate of nitrogen up to 80 kg N/fed, then decreased with increasing rate of applied nitrogen.
There were two phases the interaction effect. First response of root yield to nitrogen increment was significant, at 75% level of evaporation replenishment. This indicate that evaporation replenishment improved nitrogen utilization. Secondly, that the response to irrigation level application was, particularly noticed when levels of nitrogen were applied. The highest root yields were obtained with at 100% evaporation replenishment and 120 kg N/fed. On the other hand, maximum water use value were recorded with 120 kg N/fed and at 75% level of evaporation replenishment.
أجريت تجربة حقلية خلال موسمي النمو الشتوى 2000/2001 ، 2001/2002 بمزرعة کلية الزراعة - جامعة الأزهر بأسيوط على أرض طميية طينية لدراسة تأثير مستويات الرى مع معدلات من السماد الأزوتى على النمو والمحصول وکذلک المحتوى الکلى للنتروجين لنباتات الجزر والکفاءة الاستعمالية لمياه الرى.
أکدت النتائج أن زيادة مرات الرى عند المستوى 100% لتعويض الفقد بالبخر – نتح يؤدى إلى زيادة المحصول والمادة الجافة الکلية ويتبعها زيادة محتوى النتروجين فى النبات. بينما کفاءة استعمال الماء أعطت أعلى معدل لها عند مستوى 75% لتعويض الفقد – نتح، کذلک تبين النتائج أن زيادة النتروجين إلى المعدل 120 کجم/فدان سجلت أعلى زيادة معنوية فى محصول المادة الجافة ومحصول الجذور وکفاءة استعمال الماء مع کل المعاملات تحت الدراسة. هناک صورتان لتأثير التداخل الناتج من استعمال السماد الأزوتى مع مستويات الرطوبة:
أولاً- استجابة محصول الجذور فى نباتات الجزر لإضافة مستويات النتروجين کانت معنوية فقط مع الرى عند مستوى 75% لتعويض الفقد فى البخر – نتح، کذلک تؤکد النتائج أن زيادة الرطوبة تحسن من الاستفادة من النيتروجين.
ثانياً- استجابة المحصول لمستويات الرطوبة کانت تلاحظ بوضوح خصوصاً مع إضافة السماد الأزوتى.
وتبين النتائج أن أعلى محصول جذور من نباتات الجزر نتج من إضافة 120 کجم نتروجين/فدان وعند مستوى 100% لتعويض فى الفقد- نتح وفى المقابل کانت أعلى قيمة لکفاءة استعمال الماء عند مستوى 75% لتعويض الفقد فى البخر – نتح مع إضافة 120 کجم نتروجين/فدان.

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