STUDYING EFFECT OF pH ON THE ANTIMYCOTIC PERFORMANCE OF SOME DISINFECTANTS BY USING QUANTITATIVE SUSPENSION TEST استخدام اختبار المعلق الکمي في دراسة تأثير الأس الهيدروجيني علي کفاءه المطهرات

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

ABSTRACT :




                                The antimycotic effect of some disinfectants was comparatively studied under different pH gradients. Reference strains of C.albicans, A.niger and T.mentagrophytes were used in the current study. Quantitative suspension test was used with an initial inoculum of 1.0x107 CFU/mL from each organism. After different exposure time (1; 2; 5; 10; 15; 30 and 60 min), 1.0 mL was taken and added to 9.0 mL of the neutralizer to give the required concentration and left for 10 min before spreading of 0.1mL on Sabouraud Dextrose agar medium. The CFU/mL was recorded for each time point and the reduction of the viable count was recorded as log10 of the count. The obtained results revealed that glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, phenols and quaternary ammonium compounds are highly effective at alkaline pH. The acid pH gradient of these compounds either fails to give the required result or needs a longer time of exposure. On the other hand, sod. hypochlorite and standard phenol were showed high antimycotic efficiencies under acidic pH than alkaline ones. Using the alkalinizing and/or acidifying agents observed no direct toxic effect on the organism. This indicates that the pH may modify the disinfectant performance, which should be put in our mind during disinfection.
في هذا البحث تم دراسة تأثير عدد من المطهرات واسعة الانتشار في الحقل البيطري علي ميکروبات کانديدا البيکانز والأسبرجيلس نيجر وکذلک الترايکوفايتون منتاجروفايتس لمعرفة اقل ترکيز کافي لقتل هذه الميکروبات عند  أوقات مختلفة تراوحت من دقيقه واحدة وحتى 60 دقيقه0 تم تغيير الأس الهيدروجيني لهذه المرکبات للقاعدي باستخدام  0.3% بيکربونات الصوديوم وکذلک للحمضي باستخدام 0.01% حمض الهيدروکلوريک0 ثم اختبرت هذه المرکبات عند نفس الترکيز علي نفس الميکروبات السابق ذکرها0 قورنت النتائج عند درجات الأسس الهيدروجينية المختلفة. أثبتت النتائج أن الأس الهدروجيني يلعب دورا هاما في کفاءه المطهرات التي استخدمت في هذا البحث0 في هذا الإطار ثبت أن مرکبات الجلوترالديهات ومرکبات الأمونيا الرباعية ومرکب أل Tek-Trol کانت أعلي کفاءه عند الأس الهيدروجيني القاعدي وأن تغيير الأس الهيدروجيني لهذه المرکبات إلى الحمضي فشل في قتل الميکروبات کما أن بعض المرکبات قد احتاج وقت أطول للحصول علي نفس النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من هذه المرکبات عندما تکون قاعدية، ومن ناحية أخري فان مرکب هيبوکلوريدات الصوديوم کانت أعلي کفاءه عند شقها الحامضي. بالرغم من أن الشق القاعدي لمرکبات الفورمالدهيد والفينول کانت أعلي من الشق الحمضي لها لکنها کانت اعلي کفاءه عند الأس الهيدروجيني المتعادل، من هذه النتائج ينصح بوضع الأس الهيدروجيني في الاعتبار عند استخدام هذه المطهرات وصولا لأعلي کفاءه تطهيريه0

References

REFERENCES:
Bergan, T. and Lystad, A. (1972): Evaluation of disinfectant inactivators, Acta patho. Microbiol. Scand. Section B. 80: 507-510.
Borick, P.M.; Dondershine, F.H. and Chandler, J.L. (1964): Alkalinized glutaraldehyde, a new antimicrobial agent.. J. pharmaceutical Sci., 53: 1273-1275.
Boucher, R.M.; Last, A.J. and Smith, G.K. (1973): Biochemical mechanisms of saturated dialdehydes and their potentiation by ultrasound. Proc. Of the Western Phamacological Society, 16: 282-288.
European Standard chemical disinfectants. EN 1276: Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics in food industrial domestic and institutional areas,1997, London; BSI.
Fraud, S.; Millard, J.Y. and Russel, A.D. (2001): Comparison of the mycobactericidal activity of ortho-phthalaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and other dialdehyde by a quantitative suspension test. J. Hosp. Infec., 48: 214-221.
Gardner, J.F. and Peel, M.M. (1986): Introduction to steralization and preservation. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Gorman, S.P. and Scott, E.M. (1977): A quantitative evaluation of the antifungal properties of glutaraldehyde. J. Appl. Bact., 43: 83-89.
Gorman, S.P. and Scott, E.M. (1980): A review: Antimicrobial activity, uses and Mechanism of action of glutaraldehyde. J. Appl. Bact., 48: 161-190.
Griffith, P.A.; Babb, J.R. and Fraise, A.P. (1999): Mycobactericidal activity of selected disinfectants using a quantitative suspension test. J. Hosp. Infec., 41: 111-121.
Hernandez, A.; Martro, E.; Matas, L.; Martin, M. and Ausina, V. (2000): Assessment of in-vitro efficacy of 1% Viroken against bacteria, fungi, viruses and spores by means of AFNOR guidelines. J. Hosp. Inf., 46: 203-209.
Hosnia-Swafy (1999): Studies on the effectiveness of selective disinfectants for disinfection of poultry houses with special reference to aerosol disinfection. M.V.Sc., Fac. Of Vet. Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Ladd, M.G. (1993): The use of disinfectants in the swine industry. Healthy Hogs, pp. 128-143.
Linton, A.H.; Hugo, W.B. and Russel, N.D. (1987): Disinfection in Vet. And farm animal practice. Black Well Scientific publication.
McGucken, P.V. and Woodside, W. (1973): Studies on the mode of action of glutaraldehyde on E.coli. J. Appl. Bact. 36: 419-426.
Munton, T.J. and Russel, A.D. (1970): Aspects of the action of glutaraldehyde on E.coli. J. Appl. Bact., 33: 410-419.
Munton, T.J. and Russel, A.D. (1973): Interaction of glutaraldehyde with spheroplasts of E.coli. J. app. Bact., 36: 211-217.
Pepper,R.E. (1981):Comparison of the activities and stabilities of alkaline glutaraldehyde sterilizing solutions. Infection Control, 1:90:92.
Power, G.M. and Russel, A.D. (1989): Glutaraldehye: its uptake by sporing and non-sporing bacteria, rubber, plastic and endoscope. J. Appl. Bac., 67: 329-342.
Power, G.M. and Russel, A.D. (1990): Sporicidal of alkaline glutaraldehyde: factors influencing activity and a comparison with other aldehyde. J. Appl. Bac., 69: 261-268.
Rubbo, S.D.; Gardner, J.F. and Webb, R.L. (1967): Biocidal activities of glutaraldehyde and related compounds. J. appl. Bact., 30: 78-87.
Russel, A.D. (1974): Factors influencing the activity of antimicrobial agents; an appraisal. Microbios, 10: 151-174.
Russel, A.D. (1981): Neutralization procedures in the evaluation of bactericidal activity. In: Disinfectants: Ttheir uses and evaluation of effectiveness (Eds), Collins, C.H.; Allwood, M.C.; Bloomfield, S.F. and Fox, A., pp. 45-59, Academic press, London.
Russel, A.D.; Ahonkai, I. And Bogers, D.T. (1979): A revew: Microbiological applications of the inactivation of antibiotics and other antimycotic agents. J. appl. Bac. 46: 207-245.
Simons, C.; Walsh, S.E.; Maillard, J.Y. and Russel, A.D. (2000): A note: ortho-phthalaldehyde: proposed mechanism of action of a new antimycotic agent. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 31: 299-302.
Stonehill, A.A.; Krop, S. and Borick, P.M. (1963): Buffered glutaraldehyde, a new chemical sterilizing solution. Am. J. Hosp. Pharmacy, 20: 458-465.
Thomas, L.V. and Wimpenny, J.W.T. (1996): Appl. And Environ. Microbiol., 62 (6): 2006-2012
Traore, O.; Springthorpe, V.S. and Sattar, S.A. (2002): Testing chemical germicides against Candida species using quantitative carrier and fingerpad methods. J. Hosp. Infec., 50: 66-75.
Tuncan, E.U. (1993): Effect of cold temperature on germicidal efficacy on quaternary ammonium compound, iodophore and chlorine on Listeria. J. Food Protection, 56 (12): 1029-1033.
Vasseur, C.; Baverel, M.; Herbaud, M. and Labadie, J. (1999): Effect of osmotic, alkaline, acid or thermal stresses on the growth and inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes. J. Appl. Microbiol., 86 (3): 469-476.
Walsh, S.E.; Maillard, J.Y.; Simons, C.; and Russel, A.D. (1999): Studies on the mechanisms of the antibacterial action of ortho-phthalaldehyde. J. Appl. Microbiol., 87: 702-710.
Weiner, N.D.; Hart, F., and Zografi, G. (1965): Application of the Ferguson principle to the antimycotic activity of quaternary ammonium salts. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 17: 350-355.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics