COMPARATIVE STUDY IN MIDGUT HISTOLGICAL STRUCTURE OF QUEEN AND WORKER YEMENI HONEY BEES APIS MELLIFERA JEMENATICA (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN PUPAE AND ADULT STAGES UNDER NATURAL NUTRITION دراسة مقارنة في الترکيب النسيجي للمعي األوسط لملکة وشغالة نحل العسل المحلي لکل من العذراء والطور البالغ تحت ظروف التغذية الطبيعية

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

ABSTRACT:
The histological structures of the midgut (ventriculus) at the pupal and adult stages of queen and
worker honey bees from the Yemeni honey were studied. The results of this study illustrate the
amazing and complex structure of this insect. It is noteworthy that this research proves that queen
honey bees differ from worker honey bees in terms of the developmental stages that they undergo at
various times. Further, the midgut undergoes singular levels of development throughout various stages
of metamorphosis. The pupal stage of the queen has been thoroughly studied, but that of the worker
has only been studied on the first, fourth, and seventh days. However, the adult stage of the newly￾emerged queen honey bees, newly-emerged worker honey bees, nurse worker honey bees, and forager
worker honey bees all been studied. The results indicate that the tissues of the midgut, or ventriculus,
during the pupal stage were reformed. The ventriculus revealed early development of the flections. It
also revealed the presence of a group of prolonged epithelial cells and the absence of the peritrophic
membrane. In addition, the cavity was almost empty of any components of food. However, during the
adult stage, the tissues were distinguished in order to fit the bee’s functions, and to accommodate the
type of food. The midgut was composed of several regular flections which are comprised of the
columnar cells, and muscles were characterized by the clear presence of a large number of
regenerative cells. Therefore, the study found that the tissues of the queen honey bee, throughout
various stages, were more advanced than that of the worker honey bee. Moreover, it was found that
the kind of food that bee consumes has a clear impact on the structure of the midgut
الملخص العربي :
تناولــت هــذه الدراســة مقارنــة الترکيــب النســيجي للمعــي الأوســط (المعــدة) لملکــة وشــغالة نحــل العســل اليمنــي
(البلــدي) حيــث أظهــرت النتــائج الدقــة والإعجــاز فــي الترکيــب لهــذه الحشــرة فقــد وجــد اختلافــات فــي مــا بــين الملکــة
والشغالة فيما بينهما وفي مـا بـين کـل طـور وأخـر لأي منهمـا، وکـذلک اخـتلاف فـي الأعمـار المختلفـة لکـل طـور مـن
أطوارهما. يمر المعي المتوسط بدرجات مـن النمـو فـي أطوارهـا المختلفـة خـلال عمليـة التبـدل، وهـي الطـور اليرقـي.
وطور العذراء الذي درس في جميع مراحله في حالة الملکة، بينما فـي حالـة الشـغالة درسـت العـذراء فـي اليـوم الأول
والرابع والسابع. وکما درس الطور البالغ لکل من الملکة حديثة الخروج (الملکـة العـذراء)، والشـغالات حديثـة الخـروج
والشغالات الحاضنة والشغالات السارحة. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة التي أجريت بأن أنسجة طور العذراء تميـزت بإعـادة
تشکلها حيث تتميز المعدة ببداية ظهور الانثناءات وبوجود مجموعة من الخلايـا الطلائيـة المتطاولـة وغيـاب الغشـاء
ً ، أمـا الطـور البـالغ تميـزت أنسـجته
الحول غذائي ويکـون تجويـف المعـدة شـبه فـارغ مـن أي مکونـات غذائيـة ورائقـا
لتتناسـب مـع الوظيفـة التـي تقـوم بهـا والغـذاء الـذي تتناولـه والترکيـب التشـريحي يـتلاءم مـع النسـيجي، حيـث يتکـون
المعي الأوسط من العديد من الأنثناءات المنتظمة التي تتکون من الخلايا العمادية ووضـوح الخلايـا المجـددة بأعـداد
کبيرة وتميزت بها العضلات. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى دراسة التحورات الحادثة في المعي الأوسط للملکة والشغالة فـي
کل مـن طـوري العـذراء والبـالغ فـي طائفـة نحـل العسـل البلـدي، حيـث وجـد مـن الدراسـة أن أنسـجة الملکـة فـي جميـع
ً من الشغالة، وأن ه للمعي المتوسط . ُنالک أثر واضح لنوع الغذاء على الترکيب
الأطوار کانت أکثر تطورا

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