ENRICHMENT FACTOR OF HEAVY METALS IN DIFFERENT SOIL GRAIN SIZE FRACTIONS AS AN INDICATOR FOR SOIL POLLUTION معامل إثراء المعادن الثقيلة فى حبيبات التربة المختلفة کمؤشر على تلوث التربة

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

ABSTRACT :
An industrial area north of greater Cairo was selected to investigate the impact of
intensive industrial activities on soil characteristics and heavy metals content. The studied
area was divided into six sectors according to its source of irrigation water and/or probability
of pollution. Sixteen soil profiles were dug and soil samples were taken, air dried,
fractionated to different grain size fractions, then total heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Co, and Cd)
were determined using ICP technique. The enrichment factor for each element, for each soil
fraction/soil layer was estimated and discussed. Results revealed that the increase of EF￾values with soil depth, in some cases, may suggest that some heavy metals in the
contaminated soils are mobile and leacheable through the soil profile due to the presence of
organic complexes usually found in wastewater effluent. These dissolved organic compounds
act as chelating agents and protect metals from the ordinary precipitation and fixation process
in arid soils. The highest EF ratios in the clay fraction were mainly with Cd which may shows
the industrial impact on the soil. Concerning silt fraction, a varied accumulation of Zn and Cu
was observed with soil depth and different soil profiles
تم اختيار المنطقة الصناعية شمال القاهرة الکبرى لدراسة تأثير النشاط الصناعى
المکثف على مواصفات التربة ومحتواها من المعادن الثقيلة.

وقد قسمت منطقة الدراسة الى ستة قطاعات طبقا لمصدر مياه الرى واحتمالات
التلوث. تم تجديد ١٦ موقع واخذت عينات من التربة وتمت عملية التجفيف فى الهواء
وتم تقسيمها الى مجموعات طبقا لحجم الحبيبات. وقد قدرت کميات المعادن الثقيلة
مثل الزنک والنحاس والکوبلت والکادميوم فى عينات التربة باستخدام طريق ICP

وقد اسفرت النتائج عن زيادة معامل EF نسبة عمق التربة فى بعض الحالات ربما
يفترض ان بعض المعادن الثقيلة فى التربة الملوثة تکون متحرکة ومتفاعلة خلال
طبقات التربة بسبب وجود المرکبات العضوية فى مياه الصرف

وهذه المرکبات العضوية الذائبة تساعد المعادن الثقيلة على عدم الترسيب والثبات فى
التربة الفاصلة . ووجد أن أعلى نسبةُ EF فى عينات الطمى تکون أساسا بعنصر
الکادميوم الذى يفسر التأثير الصناعى على التربة. وفيما يختص بالطبقات الأخرى فقد
لوحظ اختلاف تجمع معادن الزنک والنحاس حسب عمق ونوع التربة

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