TOXOPATHOLOGY OF GOUT INDUCED IN LAYING PULLETS BY SODIUM BICARBONATE التغيرات السمية الباثولوجية للنقرس فى کتاکيت انتاج البيض المتعرضه لبيکربونات الصوديوم

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

ABSTRACT :
A total of sixty laying pullets (3 weeks old) were obtained from a local governmental farm
and acclimatized for one week. At 4 weeks of age, the experimental birds were divided
randomly into 5 equal groups, the first 4 groups received excess sodium bicarbonate (SB) in
their drinking water at the levels of 2 g/L (0.2%), 7.5 g/L (0.75%), 20 g/L (2%) and 40 g/L (4%),
successively. Birds of the fifth group was served as control. The experimental birds were
subjected to pathological and toxicological examination. Birds of the 0.75% and 2% -groups
developed gross picture of visceral gout, while birds of 4% -group showed acute kidney
damage. Erythrocytic count (RBCs), packed cell volume (PCV), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels
were increased in the exposed birds. The dose-related increments in the serum level of
sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-
), and potassium (K+) were decreased. Serum levels of uric acid
were increased in a dose-related pattern. Blood pH of the treated birds was shifted toward the
alkaline side. Microscopic examination revealed significant renal changes in birds
manifesting visceral gout and these changes included urate deposits associated with tubular
necrotic changes. Some birds in the third group (2%) developed urate granulomas (tophi) in
their renal interstitium. It was concluded that development of gout in birds may be related to
a state of metabolic alkalosis which is associated with significant changes of the electrolyte
balance
ستخدم فى ھذه الدراسة عدد ٦٠ کتکوت بياض عمر ثالثة أسابيع حيث قسمت إلى خمس
مجموعات متساوية. عند عمر شھر تمت إضافة الصوديوم بيکربونات لمياه الشرب لألربع
مجموعات األولى حسب النسب التالية: ٤ ،%٢ ،%٠٫٧٥ ، %٠٫٢% أما المجموعة الخامسة
فاستخدمت کضابط للتجربه.
أظھرت النتائج أن الطيور فى مجموعتى ٢ ،%٠٫٧٥% شوھد فيھا نقرس األحشاء أما طيور
مجموعة ٤% فشوھد فيھا إصابات کلوية حادة. عدد کرات الدم الحمراء والحجم الخلوى المضغوط
والھيموجلوبين إزداد فى کل الطيور المعاملة.
کذلک سجلت ھذه الدراسة زيادة فى نسبة الصوديوم فى أمصال الطيور المعاملة وعلى النقيض
فقد انخفضت نسبة کل من الکلوريد والبوتاسيوم مقارنة بالطيور الضابطة . أما مستوى حمض
َ فى أالس
اليوريک فقد لوحظ به ارتفاعا ارتبط بوثوق بالجرعة المعطاه وقد کان الدم قلويا
الھيدروجينى.
ودلت نتائج الفحص المجھرى وجود تغيرات کلوية کان من أھمھا ترسيبات من اليوريات مع
تکسير فى أالنابيب الکلوية . کما شوھد فى طيور المجموعه الثانية (٢%) التھابات کلوية مزمنة .
وقد تبين من النتائج أن ھناک ارتباط وثيق بين نشوء النقرس فى الدجاج واألس الھيدروجينى
َ فى الوسط القلوى وصاحبھا تغيرات ھامه فى توازن
وعمليات أاليض الغذائى والتى تأثرت کثيرا
العناصر وخاصة أالمالح بالجسم

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